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2012年12月21日 星期五

租客與自住業主的比較





前回談及政府統計處2011人口普查主要屋苑人口數據資料,除了「家庭住戶每月收入中位數」外,還有另外一些數據可供分析居住在大中型私人屋苑當中,租客與自住業主的比較。讀者對數據的來源、取樣等詳情有興趣的話,可以直接參考人口統計2011年的網站(http://www.census2011.gov.hk/tc/index.html),由於人口普查是以2011年6月30日上午3時為參考時刻,所以我們要看的是一年半前的情況:

2011年6月2012年10月變化
中原城市領先指數100.29116.0715.7%
美聯物業


全港平均樓價5,8956,82015.7%
全港平均租金20.723.2912.5%
差餉物業估價署


私人住宅售價指數188.1223.218.7%
私人住宅租金指數135.8149.29.9%
大家會發覺,期間樓價升幅大約是一成半,少於一般報導的2012年全年升幅的兩成,這是由於2011年下半年樓價大方向是向下行,就以中原指數為例,是由100.29下跌到95.47,跌幅是5.2%,原因是2011年上半年金管局一系列的收緊按揭的措施,再加上銀行減少批出H按,以及按揭息率回升;不過在2012年3月開始,按息又開始回落。有關數據可參照金融管理局的住宅按揭統計調查結果http://www.hkma.gov.hk/chi/key-information/press-release-category/residential-mortgage-survey.shtml
顯示H按的比率由2011年6月之後已下降到80%以下,主流的新造按揭息率在年底已變為P按實質利率2.25-2.5%,回想H按仍然主流時,最低造過H+0.65%,普遍可以造H+1%,與現時一般的H按為H+2%以上。順帶一提,網上有言論認為本港的按揭息率不會低至1%,以現時一個月HIBOR 0.2775%計,H+0.65%=0.9275%;三個月HIBOR 0.3982%,H+0.65%=1.0482%,即使H+1%,普遍舊H按按息都是1.4%以下。
回說人口統計的數據,列出主要屋苑的租金中位數、租金佔收入比中位數、按揭供款中位數、供款佔收入比中位數、居於自置單位的住戶比重。根據這些數據,除了可以分析屋苑出租的比率,以區別炒盤與住盤外,更可以計算出租客和自住業主在收入、租金/供款負擔,以及計算兩者的收入中位數。以下是太古城的數據:
HK Finance - graph for Tukuhon 121221
比如太古城的租金中位數是18,000元,租金佔收入25.7%,則可推算出太古城的租客收入大約是7.0萬;同樣地自住業主的供款中位數是14,600元,供款佔收入19.3%,則推算出太古城的自住業主收入大約是7.6萬。這個計法的好處是撇除那些不是住在太古城的物業投資者或公司,真實地反映住在太古城的住戶收入水平。
區域屋苑自置比率租客自住業主租金與   供款比較租客與業主收入比較
租金        中位數租金佔收入中位數收入         中位數供款        中位數供款佔收入中位數收入         中位數
中西區寶翠園68.7%35,00029.5%118,64425,00021.2%117,92510,000720
中西區泓都43.8%16,80023.4%71,79513,00021.4%60,7483,80011,047
中西區帝后華庭66.8%13,30026.4%50,37912,00025.0%48,0001,3002,379
東區賽西湖大廈80.0%45,00029.5%152,54228,65020.3%141,13316,35011,409
東區嘉亨灣51.0%20,00027.4%72,99316,00020.8%76,9234,000-3,930
東區藍灣半島80.7%16,00028.6%55,94413,00021.1%61,6113,000-5,667
東區和富中心79.0%28,00026.6%105,26322,00020.6%106,7966,000-1,533
東區太古城74.3%18,00025.7%70,03914,60019.3%75,5303,400-5,491
東區城市花園79.1%20,00036.1%55,40217,00020.2%84,1583,000-28,757
東區康怡花園77.9%14,50024.5%59,18413,00020.2%64,3561,500-5,173
東區鯉景灣84.7%15,50024.7%62,75312,00019.5%61,5383,5001,215
東區康景花園95.6%---14,00019.5%71,795--
東區杏花邨82.1%14,00023.9%58,57711,00018.5%59,4593,000-882
東區百福花園89.7%13,00024.8%52,41910,00022.5%44,4443,0007,975
東區新翠花園82.3%9,10024.3%37,4499,00024.2%37,190100258
東區南豐新邨81.2%11,00025.6%42,9699,38021.4%43,8321,620-863
東區新都城大廈73.4%9,20026.4%34,8888,00028.6%27,9721,2006,916
東區太安樓67.8%6,00029.0%20,6905,00017.5%28,5711,000-7,882
南區貝沙灣59.4%53,00026.3%201,52135,45023.1%153,46317,55048,058
南區陽明山莊42.0%62,00038.2%162,30435,29016.7%211,31726,710-49,014
南區碧瑤灣70.8%40,00026.0%153,84625,29019.4%130,36114,71023,485
南區海怡半島73.7%15,00022.3%67,26513,00020.2%64,3562,0002,908
南區薄扶林花園78.9%13,50023.5%57,44715,00014.6%102,740-1,500-45,293
南區置富花園84.2%10,80023.9%45,1889,66017.6%54,8861,140-9,698
南區香港仔中心75.4%9,20021.9%42,0097,15024.5%29,1842,05012,825
油尖旺區擎天半島68.1%30,00031.3%95,84728,00028.2%99,2912,000-3,444
油尖旺區漾日居72.9%29,00028.6%101,39925,00027.5%90,9094,00010,490
油尖旺區維港灣77.9%18,00015.9%113,20815,00016.2%92,5933,00020,615
油尖旺區君滙港60.7%15,50022.0%70,45515,00028.1%53,38150017,074
油尖旺區帝柏海灣88.2%16,50027.2%60,66216,00023.6%67,797500-7,135
油尖旺區柏景灣78.0%18,50041.4%44,68615,00022.6%66,3723,500-21,686
油尖旺區港灣豪庭71.0%10,20033.3%30,6318,50020.4%41,6671,700-11,036
油尖旺區大同新邨70.8%5,40023.7%22,7855,00019.9%25,126400-2,341
深水埗區曼克頓山66.0%17,50025.4%68,89820,00022.6%88,496-2,500-19,598
深水埗區又一居79.3%18,30025.3%72,33218,00022.8%78,947300-6,615
深水埗區碧海藍天80.7%13,00019.8%65,65711,00018.2%60,4402,0005,217
深水埗區泓景臺73.2%12,60022.7%55,50710,00020.5%48,7802,6006,726
深水埗區宇晴軒66.2%14,00034.3%40,81610,43022.8%45,7463,570-4,929
深水埗區昇悅居81.8%13,00026.9%48,3279,50020.0%47,5003,500827
深水埗區美孚新邨81.4%13,80025.2%54,76210,10020.3%49,7543,7005,008
九龍城區半島豪庭61.3%24,00034.2%70,17516,25021.9%74,2017,750-4,025
九龍城區海逸豪園70.3%16,80031.0%54,19416,40024.3%67,490400-13,296
九龍城區海濱南岸45.3%14,00028.2%49,64511,78024.0%49,0832,220562
九龍城區翔龍灣61.8%11,00027.3%40,29311,50023.4%49,145-500-8,852
九龍城區黃埔花園75.7%12,80026.1%49,04211,60021.4%54,2061,200-5,163
九龍城區傲雲峰74.2%12,50027.5%45,45510,70027.3%39,1941,8006,260
九龍城區黃埔新邨72.6%8,50028.3%30,0356,50021.7%29,9542,00081
九龍城區偉恒昌新村78.4%7,10026.3%26,9965,00019.3%25,9072,1001,089
九龍城區安和園72.8%5,40030.0%18,0004,80025.6%18,750600-750
黃大仙區星河明居81.0%14,50018.9%76,72012,00018.9%63,4922,50013,228
觀塘區麗港城74.7%12,00022.6%53,09712,00020.7%57,9710-4,874
觀塘區滙景花園80.4%13,50022.8%59,21111,50017.1%67,2512,000-8,041
觀塘區德福花園68.0%10,00016.4%60,9768,00020.6%38,8352,00022,141
觀塘區淘大花園72.4%7,60025.2%30,1596,30019.5%32,3081,300-2,149
觀塘區得寶花園62.3%6,50026.1%24,9045,20018.3%28,4151,300-3,511
葵青區灝景灣88.8%14,80019.5%75,89712,00018.3%65,5742,80010,324
葵青區華景山莊78.9%14,00026.7%52,43414,11020.4%69,167-110-16,732
葵青區盈翠半島81.1%15,00022.0%68,18213,82022.2%62,2521,1805,930
葵青區海欣花園78.4%9,00021.7%41,4757,50022.2%33,7841,5007,691
葵青區藍澄灣88.3%9,38029.1%32,2347,50018.7%40,1071,880-7,873
葵青區翠怡花園83.1%8,00023.7%33,7556,00018.8%31,9152,0001,840
葵青區新葵芳花園80.3%8,50028.2%30,1426,00022.8%26,3162,5003,826
葵青區青怡花園91.7%7,60027.1%28,0446,02020.9%28,8041,580-760
葵青區美景花園77.1%6,50025.0%26,0005,20016.7%31,1381,300-5,138
荃灣區灣景花園89.3%13,50025.2%53,57110,00014.3%69,9303,500-16,359
荃灣區萬景峯75.4%15,00024.8%60,48413,50022.6%59,7351,500749
荃灣區碧堤半島79.4%15,00023.1%64,93510,68021.7%49,2174,32015,718
荃灣區珀麗灣77.9%10,00024.0%41,6679,50019.5%48,718500-7,051
荃灣區麗城花園91.2%10,94019.0%57,5799,00018.6%48,3871,9409,192
荃灣區愉景新城71.3%10,00022.1%45,2498,70018.0%48,3331,300-3,084
荃灣區海韻花園89.0%9,00025.7%35,0198,00020.0%40,0001,000-4,981
荃灣區爵悅庭69.9%9,50023.0%41,3049,55021.7%44,009-50-2,705
荃灣區麗都花園85.9%8,80025.3%34,7836,80014.9%45,6382,000-10,855
荃灣區浪翠園81.6%7,80026.9%28,9969,00018.5%48,649-1,200-19,652
荃灣區翠豐臺90.4%9,80023.4%41,8806,88017.1%40,2342,9201,646
荃灣區荃景花園88.6%7,50021.4%35,0476,00018.7%32,0861,5002,961
荃灣區海濱花園80.7%8,00023.7%33,7557,00017.0%41,1761,000-7,421
荃灣區綠楊新邨73.7%8,50021.3%39,9068,00019.1%41,885500-1,979
荃灣區豪景花園89.1%6,80034.3%19,8257,73021.2%36,462-930-16,637
荃灣區荃威花園85.3%7,60028.6%26,5735,40016.4%32,9272,200-6,353
荃灣區荃德花園71.2%6,40025.8%24,8064,50021.9%20,5481,9004,258
荃灣區荃灣中心73.7%6,50027.5%23,6364,70021.2%22,1701,8001,467
離島區愉景灣56.9%15,00026.9%55,76212,26019.3%63,5232,740-7,761
離島區藍天海岸67.3%10,50024.2%43,38811,07023.6%46,907-570-3,518
離島區映灣園68.5%12,00021.3%56,33810,00021.1%47,3932,0008,945
離島區東堤灣畔79.0%11,00020.8%52,88510,50023.8%44,1185008,767
離島區海堤灣畔72.6%9,90023.5%42,1288,40020.5%40,9761,5001,152
屯門區愛琴海岸83.3%11,00032.8%33,5378,00018.7%42,7813,000-9,244
屯門區南浪海灣83.8%8,50020.0%42,5007,00017.7%39,5481,5002,952
屯門區香港黃金海岸47.5%9,00021.4%42,0569,10028.5%31,930-10010,126
屯門區卓爾居88.6%8,50016.2%52,4698,50019.3%44,04108,428
屯門區恒福花園76.6%6,30018.9%33,3337,00020.0%35,000-700-1,667
屯門區新屯門中心84.3%6,50029.4%22,1094,90016.4%29,8781,600-7,769
屯門區叠茵庭81.4%6,30022.6%27,8765,50018.1%30,387800-2,511
屯門區豫豐花園71.9%6,50031.0%20,9685,90019.9%29,648600-8,680
屯門區邁亞美海灣76.6%6,50022.3%29,1486,30020.5%30,732200-1,584
屯門區大興花園83.2%6,60016.9%39,0535,10018.8%27,1281,50011,926
屯門區海翠花園94.0%7,60038.4%19,7925,50020.7%26,5702,100-6,778
屯門區屯門市廣場71.7%6,00027.3%21,9786,00018.0%33,3330-11,355
屯門區豐景園80.7%5,50023.9%23,0134,00015.4%25,9741,500-2,961
屯門區華都花園87.2%6,20038.0%16,3164,50019.5%23,0771,700-6,761
元朗區錦綉花園87.1%15,60029.6%52,70313,50021.6%62,5002,100-9,797
元朗區Yoho Midtown65.7%9,30022.5%41,33310,75022.6%47,566-1,450-6,233
元朗區朗晴居91.4%9,20017.8%51,6859,10019.4%46,9071004,778
元朗區采葉庭87.5%7,80022.4%34,8217,00096.1%7,28480027,537
元朗區新元朗中心62.5%7,22018.6%38,8178,30021.8%38,073-1,080744
元朗區柏慧豪園52.6%7,00026.9%26,0226,40020.0%32,000600-5,978
元朗區蝶翠峰84.5%8,00022.8%35,0886,30017.5%36,0001,700-912
元朗區慧景軒90.1%8,10020.9%38,7567,00022.7%30,8371,1007,919
元朗區新時代廣場70.8%7,50020.3%36,9466,50018.6%34,9461,0002,000
元朗區嘉湖山莊76.6%6,10025.2%24,2066,00019.7%30,457100-6,251
北區牽晴間77.9%6,80017.3%39,3066,00018.3%32,7878006,519
北區綠悠軒88.5%8,00033.0%24,2427,00019.6%35,7141,000-11,472
北區粉嶺中心73.1%6,80020.0%34,0006,52018.6%35,054280-1,054
北區碧湖花園78.8%6,30024.3%25,9265,00019.2%26,0421,300-116
北區花都廣場80.5%6,70021.4%31,3086,00019.5%30,769700539
北區粉嶺名都81.0%6,80023.3%29,1855,10023.0%22,1741,7007,011
大埔區康樂園89.3%30,00029.9%100,33433,95030.0%113,167-3,950-12,832
大埔區帝琴灣75.1%22,00023.9%92,05024,67021.6%114,213-2,670-22,163
大埔區帝欣苑86.0%18,50022.8%81,14014,00025.7%54,4754,50026,666
大埔區新達廣場75.6%9,60028.8%33,3339,00017.1%52,632600-19,298
大埔區太湖花園79.4%7,50023.2%32,3286,86019.1%35,916640-3,589
大埔區大埔中心75.9%6,80025.9%26,2556,50020.8%31,250300-4,995
沙田區駿景園76.3%20,00022.2%90,09020,00023.7%84,38805,702
沙田區御龍山67.8%20,00025.2%79,36520,00026.8%74,62704,738
沙田區雅典居86.1%16,50029.5%55,93215,00019.0%78,9471,500-23,015
沙田區聽濤雅苑84.0%15,00023.1%64,93514,00020.0%70,0001,000-5,065
沙田區帝堡城87.0%13,50026.9%50,18613,00020.0%65,000500-14,814
沙田區銀湖‧天峰73.5%13,50025.0%54,00013,50023.4%57,6920-3,692
沙田區碧濤花園88.8%14,50027.5%52,72712,00019.0%63,1582,500-10,431
沙田區翠湖花園95.7%---10,50020.1%52,239--
沙田區翠擁華庭84.7%13,00021.3%61,03310,70023.4%45,7262,30015,306
沙田區濱景花園86.8%10,50022.3%47,0859,69017.4%55,690810-8,604
沙田區富豪花園86.4%12,00027.9%43,0119,34019.1%48,9012,660-5,890
沙田區新港城73.3%8,00023.1%34,6327,50022.3%33,6325001,000
沙田區曉峯灣畔83.4%10,50028.6%36,7138,00020.8%38,4622,500-1,748
沙田區銀禧花園77.6%9,50018.2%52,1987,00018.5%37,8382,50014,360
沙田區沙田第一城74.3%7,30023.0%31,7396,33018.9%33,492970-1,753
沙田區沙田中心69.2%8,00018.9%42,3286,37020.0%31,8501,63010,478
沙田區金獅花園1期70.8%6,50032.7%19,8784,30015.4%27,9222,200-8,044
沙田區河畔花園59.0%6,50030.2%21,5234,49014.9%30,1342,010-8,611
沙田區好運中心77.1%7,30026.4%27,6526,50020.1%32,338800-4,687
沙田區花園城86.0%6,65024.2%27,4794,50018.2%24,7252,1502,754
沙田區金獅花園2期71.4%6,80040.1%16,9585,20021.4%24,2991,600-7,341
西貢區維景灣畔83.3%12,56023.6%53,22011,00018.7%58,8241,560-5,603
西貢區都會駅/城中駅70.1%14,30022.9%62,44511,53022.0%52,4092,77010,036
西貢區日出康城41.3%11,50023.3%49,35615,00024.3%61,728-3,500-12,372
西貢區蔚藍灣畔80.8%12,50023.7%52,74311,00019.5%56,4101,500-3,668
西貢區清水灣半島88.7%11,00020.7%53,14010,00019.9%50,2511,0002,889
西貢區南豐廣場79.4%9,80024.9%39,3579,35019.2%48,698450-9,340
西貢區東港城76.0%10,30020.5%50,2448,50021.7%39,1711,80011,073
西貢區將軍澳中心81.4%10,00024.1%41,4948,54019.8%43,1311,460-1,638
西貢區君傲灣74.5%11,25033.3%33,7849,30019.9%46,7341,950-12,950
西貢區將軍澳廣場89.2%10,00023.8%42,0177,80017.6%44,3182,200-2,301
西貢區新都城75.7%9,70027.0%35,9268,50020.0%42,5001,200-6,574
西貢區都會豪庭85.9%10,50021.9%47,9459,67017.1%56,550830-8,605
西貢區新寶城79.2%9,50030.8%30,8448,00020.4%39,2161,500-8,372
西貢區怡沁園88.1%9,70033.3%29,1297,00019.8%35,3542,700-6,224
西貢區慧安園77.6%8,40025.6%32,8137,00018.5%37,8381,400-5,025
此外,亦可以比較租金與供款,以及租客收入與自住業主的收入,大多數情況是租金往往高於供款,而租客的收入往往高於自住業主。我們如何去演繹這種現象?
租金因應租約而調整,所以是較貼近市價;而自住業主在買樓時已經將供款定在某樓價的水平,比如1997年買樓者是供1997年的樓價,2003年買樓者是供2003年的樓價,即使供同一個物業,供款已差很遠,在樓價已持續上升多年之下,租金高於供款是正常現象,同時亦反映了供樓比租樓在樓市上升之下的好處。當然,在樓市向下的時候就會剛剛相反,租樓就比買樓著數。

作者 脫苦海

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